Evaluation of the Impact of SMOTEENN on Monkeypox Case Classification Performance Using Boosting Algorithms

Monkeypox is a zoonotic disease with increasing global prevalence, posing a significant challenge in healthcare. Its widespread transmission necessitates more accurate detection systems to assist medical professionals in diagnosing and managing cases effectively. One of the main challenges in developing monkeypox prediction models is class imbalance in datasets, which can cause models to favor the majority class and reduce predictive accuracy for rarer cases. To address this issue, this study evaluates the effectiveness of the SMOTEENN resampling technique in improving the classification performance of monkeypox cases. Three boosting algorithms Gradient Boosting, XGBoost, and LightGBM were applied to a monkeypox dataset consisting of 25,000 samples. The data preprocessing steps included handling missing values, feature encoding, and feature scaling. The dataset was then balanced using SMOTEENN, a hybrid technique combining the Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique (SMOTE) and Edited Nearest Neighbors (ENN). Additionally, hyperparameter tuning with GridSearchCV was performed to optimize model performance by systematically selecting the best parameter combinations. The results indicate that applying SMOTEENN significantly improved classification accuracy, achieving a maximum of 69%, with an F1-score of 67%. Compared to previous studies, the proposed approach demonstrated superior performance in handling class imbalance and enhancing classification robustness. These findings highlight the potential of SMOTEENN and boosting algorithms in medical data classification, particularly for infectious diseases with imbalanced datasets. This study contributes to the development of more reliable machine learning techniques for improving disease detection, classification accuracy, and overall model generalization. Future research should explore additional resampling techniques, deep learning architectures, and feature selection methods to further improve predictive performance in medical diagnostics.